GCSE Biology
Question
I HAVE BEEN ASKED TO WRITE THIS, AND I AINT SURE WAT TO WRITE. THE QUESTION IS-- with reference to the hormones listed below descirbe how the system controls body function. 1.growth hormone 2.thyroxine. 3.insulin. 4.adrenaline. 5.anti diurectic hormone
Answer
This answer is posted on behalf of Naomi Williams.
Right, let¨s take each of these in turn:
Human growth hormone is produced in the pituitary gland in the brain. It obviously controls growth! It does this by a direct effect on lots of different parts of the body, including:
- Increased growth of skeleton and skeletal muscle during childhood
- Increased rate of protein synthesis
- Increased rate of uptake of amino acids by cells
- Promoting tissue repair in adults
- Increased rate of cell division.
And so on´
Thyroxine is produced by the thyroid gland in the neck. It controls the metabolic rate, which is the overall rate of all the chemical reactions going on in the body, for example respiration, digestion etc.
Insulin is produced by the pancreas. It controls the blood sugar levels. If there is too much sugar in the blood, insulin is produced. It causes the level to go back down again by encouraging the sugar to go into cells and by causing excess sugar to be stored as glycogen in the liver and muscle cells.
Adrenaline is produced by the adrenal glands which lie just above each of the kidneys. It is produced in times of stress or excitement in order to get the body ready for action. It has many effects, including:
- Increasing blood pressure and heart rate
- Increasing respiration rate
- Increasing breathing depth and rate
- Releasing stored glycogen into the blood as sugar
- Dilating of the pupils in the eyes and so on.
Anti-diuretic hormone is produced by the pituitary gland again (like growth hormone). It is only released when there is too little water in the blood. It instructs the kidneys to reabsorb more water from the urine as it passes through the kidney tubules, so that less is lost when we urinate.
So you can see that some of these hormones have a general effect on many different parts of the body and on many different body systems, whereas some have a more particular effect on just one body system.
The category of this answer is Key Stage 4; Biology; Humans; Hormones
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